ᱚᱰᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱛᱤᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱵᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱟᱠᱱᱤᱠᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱮᱫᱟ᱾
᱑. ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱾
ᱟᱵᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱠᱚ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱚᱦᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱯᱞᱟᱴᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱞᱠᱟ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
Pliers (such as wire cutters and needle-nose pliers) combine the lever and shear principles, with their jaws designed to provide sufficient gripping force or shear strength. ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱭᱩᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
᱒. ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱥᱴᱚᱢᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ ᱾
ᱮᱞᱟᱨᱡᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱨᱥᱟᱭᱠᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, 1. kg virt virt − virt virt virt virt kg (meaning) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱯᱤᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱯᱤᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱚᱞᱟᱨ, ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
ᱮᱞᱟᱨᱡᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ᱾ For example, angle grinders use a high-speed rotating grinding wheel to cut or grind, while electric saws utilize a reciprocating or circular saw blade in combination with a high-power motor to cut wood or metal. ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱨᱥᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ (ᱠᱚ) ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱡᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ, ᱯᱞᱟᱴᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
᱓. ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱾
ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱭᱩᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ 1.0 μm ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ rpm ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱴᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱵᱷ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱱᱮᱴ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ For example, a pneumatic wrench uses compressed air to push a piston, generating high-frequency rotation or impact force, making it suitable for removing and installing high-strength bolts.
ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱤᱴᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽᱰ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱨᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
᱔. ᱦᱟᱭᱰᱨᱳᱭᱰ-ᱥᱢᱤᱛᱷ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱠᱥ (MI) ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ For example, hydraulic pliers or jacks use a small manual or electric pump to generate high-pressure oil, which drives a piston rod to generate enormous linear or rotational forces.
ᱦᱟᱭᱰᱨᱚᱞᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱢᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, α, ᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱡᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱱᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
᱕ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ
ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱰᱣᱮᱭᱟᱨ, ᱚᱴᱚᱢᱚᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ, ᱤᱱᱴᱮᱜᱽᱨᱮᱴᱮᱰ, ᱤᱱᱴᱮᱜᱽᱨᱮᱴᱮᱰ, ᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱱᱮᱴ ᱚᱯᱷᱚᱨᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱯᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱢᱮ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱡᱚᱴᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱠᱷᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱾
